What does Russia's war against Ukraine and the West mean for security in the Eurasian region and the Northeast Asian states, which include China, Japan, Mongolia, the two Koreas and Russia? What impact do increasingly confrontational global security relations have on this region in general and Mongolia in particular, which is landlocked between Russia and China? These questions were discussed by participants at the Second Ulaanbaatar Experts Meeting on Security and Co-operation in Eurasia, held in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, on 20 September 2024. In his contribution, Dr Frank Evers (IFSH) spoke about the end of cooperative security relations with Russia and the current challenges for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Mongolia being one of the 57 OSCE participating States and Japan and the Republic of Korea acting as OSCE Asian Partners for Co-operation. The meeting was organized by Ritsumeikan University Kyoto and the National University of Mongolia and was attended by researchers from Japan, Lithuania, Mongolia, Germany and the Republic of Korea.