In recent years, scholars and policy makers alike have striven to unpack the black box of extremists’ online communication and the rise of far-right violence. IFSH experts Holger Marcks and Janina Pawelz of the PANDORA research project analyze how far-right narratives employed on social media mobilize emotions that prepare for the acceptance or even use of violence. They find a network of narratives that constructs a situation of collective self-defense in which violence becomes a logical option. Counter-narrative efforts should thus not only focus on hate speech but also address the myths of victimhood, which are constitutive of violent fantasies.